10-17. Выделение информации в прочитанном тексте

Основнóй госудáрственный экзáмен ОГЭ Английский язык задание №10-17 Демонстрационный вариант 2018 Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений 10–17 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). В поле ответа запишите одну цифру, которая соответствует номеру правильного ответа.

The Best Job in the World

Have you ever heard of the Great Barrier Reef? It is the world’s largest coral reef system along the eastern coast of Australia. In February 2009 an extraordinary position was advertised by the Australian Tourism Office. The advertisement ran that the Great Barrier Reef needed a caretaker for half a year. It was for a special person who would look after the Reef.
The job offered a large salary, free accommodation in a luxury villa, and transportation there and around the islands. All expenses would be paid: the winner wouldn’t need to spend any extra money on anything.
The job’s duties were pretty simple. You could only dream of such requirements. First, the person had to speak English and swim well. Second, on the island his responsibility included writing a weekly Internet blog. That’s right,
weekly, not even daily! The job description also required the successful applicant to explore the islands of the Great Barrier Reef, swim, make friends with the locals and generally enjoy the tropical climate and lifestyle. A real dream!
Within the first 2 days of the contest, the tourism office received more than seven thousand online applications. All told, 34,000 people of all different nationalities applied. Each made and presented a 60-second video resume. They
had to be creative and they were. In the end 16 people were chosen, who flew to Australia for the final selection. The candidates were interviewed and the winner was Ben Southall from the UK.
Ben greatly enjoyed the dream job he had got. He realised that people knew very little about planet earth and its treasures. Living in big cities, they forgot how important the flora and fauna of this world were. Every time Ben went outdoors, he could discover something new. “Every time I dived or went underwater, I forgot about all the troubles above water and concentrated on living in the moment. It was a good way to clean the mind and build respect for the natural world,” Ben said.
Ben’s life on the island was not just fun. It was very busy, busier than most people imagined, and certainly busier than Ben himself had imagined. He worked seven days a week and up to 19 hours a day. The Best Job included travelling to over 60 islands of the Reef almost every day. It was not just looking after the Reef, Ben had a lot of meetings, press conferences and interviews. He was getting a lot of attention all the time and he couldn’t get away from it. That was probably the hardest part of the job.
Moreover, any adventure has a certain degree of risk. Swimming and diving on the Great Barrier Reef was not different. Ben had to deal with whales, sharks and other huge sea creatures. Surprisingly, the most dangerous thing was a small jellyfish about the size of a little finger. It’s considered to be extremely poisonous and Ben was stung by it. He had to spend a couple of days in hospital but luckily recovered after a course of antibiotics.
Ben often says that the project has taught him a few valuable lessons. Working with the Internet is one of those jobs you can do 24 hours a day. Ben realised it was hard to separate life and work, but this he had to do. He also said:
“I’ve learned that we get one life on earth so we have to use it. There’ll always be other countries to visit, other people to meet and other adventures to meet. This is what I wish to do. I’m planning to go to Asia in a few years time”.

10. The Australian Tourism Office employs a new caretaker twice a year.

1) True          2) False          3) Not stated

11. There was no Internet on the islands of the Great Barrier Reef.

1) True          2) False          3) Not stated

12. People from different countries applied for the job.

1) True          2) False          3) Not stated

13. Ben Southall was a good swimmer.

1) True          2) False          3) Not stated

14. While working as a caretaker Ben Southall had lots of free time.

1) True          2) False          3) Not stated

15. To do his job Ben Southall had to communicate with journalists.

1) True          2) False          3) Not stated

16. Ben Southhall was taken to hospital after a shark attack.

1) True          2) False          3) Not stated

17. Ben Southall is going to make a film about his work on the islands.

1) True          2) False          3) Not stated

Решение:

10. 3
11. 2
12. 1
13. 1
14. 2
15. 1
16. 2
17. 3

Основнóй госудáрственный экзáмен ОГЭ Английский язык задание №10-17 Демонстрационный вариант 2017 

Supermarkets

It is believed that the idea of supermarkets first belonged to an American businessman who opened a self-service grocery store in 1916. The main advantage of the new American store was that the goods were stocked on the shelves, so the customers could take their own goods and bring them to the front of the store to pay for them. Although there was a high risk of stealing, the owner found the new shop’s organisation more effective because it allowed him to reduce the number of shop assistants. Later the new shop organisation spread widely throughout European countries.

Nowadays supermarkets are as British as football and cricket. In the UK 90% of all food is bought at five different supermarket chains. That makes these companies extremely powerful, especially when they deal with small businesses, for example farmers. Milk is a good example. Supermarkets like to use things such as milk and bread, which are at the top of almost everyone’s shopping list, to attract customers. To offer the lowest price the supermarkets need to buy milk from dairy farmers very cheaply, so big supermarket chains agree on a very low price and dictate it to farmers. If the farmers don’t agree to that price, supermarkets start to look for the cheapest possible products abroad instead.

The consumers are of course happy to get cheaper products, but they should also keep in mind the influence supermarkets have on the environment. First of all there’s packaging. Supermarkets like all the products to be packed because it makes it easier to put them neatly on the shelves. Consequently, supermarkets produce nearly 10 million tons of waste packaging in the UK every year, less than 5% of which is recycled. Some supermarkets put large recycling bins in their car parks, trying to create the image that they are environmentally friendly. However, that is just an image.

To reach the supermarket shelves the products often have to travel half the globe. Due to preservatives even milk products can stay unspoiled for months. It’s a great advantage for the supermarket as yoghurt bought from a farmer can’t be kept for longer than 2 days. That is why many small farmers do not even get a chance to compete with long-lasting imported goods.

When a new supermarket is planned, everyone says that a lot of new jobs will be created. In reality the number of jobs lost in the area is greater than the number of new positions in the supermarket. Within a 15km radius of every new supermarket that opens the number of people working in the food business goes down. It happens because all the small shops nearby are forced to close.

10. The first supermarkets appeared in the USA.

1) True          2) False          3) Not stated

11. Most British people buy their food in supermarkets.

1) True          2) False          3) Not stated

12. Supermarkets offer local farmers good prices for their products.

1) True          2) False          3) Not stated

13. People prefer to buy food in bright packages.

1) True          2) False          3) Not stated

14. All the waste packaging of supermarkets is recycled.

1) True          2) False          3) Not stated

15. Supermarket managers change the price of the products every month.

1) True          2) False          3) Not stated

16. Supermarkets prefer fresh products from local farmers to imported goods.

1) True          2) False          3) Not stated

17. New supermarkets reduce the number of jobs in the local food industry.

1) True          2) False          3) Not stated


Решение:

10. It is believed that the idea of supermarkets first belonged to an American businessman who opened a self-service grocery store in 1916. The main advantage of the new American store was…

Ответ:  1

11. In the UK 90% of all food is bought at five different supermarket chains. That makes these companies extremely powerful.

Ответ:  1

12. To offer the lowest price the supermarkets need to buy milk from dairy farmers very cheaply, so big supermarket chains agree on a very low price and dictate it to farmers.

Ответ:  2

13. No information.

Ответ:  3

14. Consequently, supermarkets produce nearly 10 million tons of waste packaging in the UK every year, less than 5% of which is recycled. Some supermarkets put large recycling bins in their car parks, trying to create the image that they are environmentally friendly. However, that is just an image.

Ответ:  2

15. No information

Ответ:  3

16. It’s a great advantage for the supermarket as yoghurt bought from a farmer can’t be kept for longer than 2 days. That is why many small farmers do not even get a chance to compete with long-lasting imported goods.

Ответ:  2

17. In reality the number of jobs lost in the area is greater than the number of new positions in the supermarket.

Ответ: 1

Seat Belts: Do We Really Need Them?
In many countries now seat belts are compulsory for the driver and fro n t seat passen¬gers a t least .Most doctors believe that seat belts save people from being seriously hurt in a crash, but there are some people who still think that it is more dangerous to wear a seat belt than not to wear one.
They say that a seat belt may trap one in a car that is burning, north a t has fallen into a river or the sea and is sinking, so that one is burnt to death or drowned.
But less than half of one per cent of car accidents lead to fire or sinking, and in any case, a seat belt may easily save a person from being knocked unconscious in an accident, so that he or she is able to undo the seat belt immediately and get out of a car that is on fire or sinking.
People who object to seat belts also sometimes say that without one, one may be throw n rig h t out of a car in a crash, b u t doctors will tell you that is the last thing one wants to happen: if one is throw n out of a car, one hits something, usually the road, and usually hard and at speed. It is better to remain inside a car in the case of a crash .
There is also the question of personal freedom; some people say that it is an attack on their freedom to force them to wear a seat belt, whether they want to or not. But even in a democracy there are a lot of things a person is denied the right to do though he or she w ants to do them . I may, for example, w ant to play music loudly at night; it interferes with my freedom if I am not allowed to do this. But my neighbors have their own rights to freedom, just as I have. They w ant to be free to sleep quietly at night, and if I stop them doing so, I am interfering with their freedom.
How does this affect seat belts? In what way does it interfere with the rights of others if someone refuses to wear a seat belt? W ell, first of all because common sense tells us that a driver without a seat belt has less control of a car if there is an accident, so that he or she is more likely to be a danger to others, who after all also have the rig h t to be pro¬tected as much as possible from accident.

10.All people agree that seat belts are a good thing.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
11.Most doctors are among those who support wearing seat belts.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
12.Cars get on fire at least once a month.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
13.Wearing a seatbelt you can get fewer injuries.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
14.Personal freedom means doing whatever you want.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
15.Not wearing seat belts can seriously affect other people.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated.
16. Drivers without seat belts get into accidents more often.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
17.In some democratic countries people wearing seat belts is not compulsory.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

Источник: Основнóй госудáрственный экзáмен ОГЭ 2017 АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК Л.М.Гудкова О.В.Терентьева


Решение:10)2
11)1
12)3
13)1
14)2
15)1
16)3
17)3
Audrey Hepburn
Audrey Kathleen van Heemstra Hepburn-Ruston was born in Brussels on May 4, 1929 in the family of a wealthy English banker and a Dutch baroness. She spent her early childhood travelling between England, Belgium, and the Netherlands. Her parents divorced when she was six. Then came the war. Her m other moved with Audrey to her parents’ home in the neutral Netherlands. The following year the country was invaded by the Nazis. It was a difficult time for the whole family. There was very little food. Audrey and her family had to dig vegetables from the hard frozen ground, for some time they survived on flour made from tulip bulbs.
Audrey’s greatest love was music. She wanted to be a dancer, and she studied dancing since she was five. In 1948, Audrey and her m other moved to London. Audrey went to a ballet school. She worked hard at her dancing. She had no time for boyfriends. But one day the ballet school teacher told her, ‘I’m sorry, but you’ll never be a famous dancer.
You’re too ta ll.’ Audrey was sad, but then something happened. She was given a small part in a big London musical. She quickly found jobs in other musicals. Everybody liked this thin girl with a pretty face and wide smile.
When Audrey was twenty, she had small parts in several movies and during the filming of a movie she met a famous novelist and screenwriter Colette. Colette wanted to find a girl for the Broadway musical of her book, Gigi. When she saw Audrey, she said. ‘She is Gigi! Half-woman, half-boy.’ This role won Hepburn a Theatre World Award in 1952.
The same year a Hollywood movie producer offered her the p art of a princess in a big new movie, Roman Holiday. The film was a great success and Audrey won an Oscar for Best Actress.
Audrey starred in about 30 film s, among them were War and Peace (1956), Break¬fast at Tiffany’s (1961), M y Fair Lady (1964), How to Steal a Million (1965). But she always made it clear that family was more important for her than work. She was mar¬ried twice and had two sons. After her second son was born in 1970, she said: ‘I don’t want to make any more movies. I ’m happy as a good wife and mother.’ However, her second marriage ended in divorce — just like the first one .Since 1970 Audrey lived a quiet life in her house in Switzerland raising her two sons. She only made two or three more movies, and they were not very good. She made them because she needed money .
When she became older, she wanted to do something more important with her life.
She started to work for the United Nations. She was officially appointed UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador. She visited the poorest and most dangerous countries in the world. In 1992, she travelled to Africa for the last time. When she came back, she was seriously ill.
The doctors thought it was some infection, but it was cancer. On January 20, 1993, Au¬drey Hepburn died. She was sixty-four.
Audrey was one of the few actresses who became the symbol of their time, whose look was imitated by thousands of girls. She became and stayed the symbol of elegance, glamour, charm , and grace. As one of film critics said ‘In this cruel and imperfect world Audrey was living proof that God could still create perfection.

10.The first years of Audrey’s childhood were full of hardships.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

11.The Netherlands was never occupied by the Fascist troops.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

12.Audrey had a great talent for dancing.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

13.Audrey Hepburn won several Oscars.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

14.Audrey Hepburn put her acting career higher than anything else.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
15.In the second p art of her life Audrey spent much time in charity activities.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

16.She started working for the UN because she needed money.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

17.Audrey Hepburn had a great personality and seemed perfect in everything.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated

Источник: Основнóй госудáрственный экзáмен ОГЭ 2017 АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК Л.М.Гудкова О.В.Терентьева


Решение:

10)1

11)2

12)3

13)3

14)2

15)1

16)2

17)1