18-26. Грамматические навыки

Основнóй госудáрственный экзáмен ОГЭ Английский язык задание №18-26 Демонстрационный вариант 2018-2017 Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слово, напечатанное заглавными буквами в скобках так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста. Заполните пропуск полученным словом.

Once there were four children whose names were Peter, Susan, Edmund and Lucy. This story happened to
18 (THEY) __________________ when they had to leave their home city, London, during the war.
They 19 (SEND) __________________ to the house of an old Professor who lived in the country, ten miles from the nearest railway station.
He 20 (NOT/HAVE) __________________ a wife and he lived in a very large house with a housekeeper.
He himself was a very old man with white hair which grew over most of his face as well as on his head.
The children liked him almost at once. Only Lucy, who was the 21 (YOUNG) __________________ of them, felt a little afraid of him.
On their 22 (ONE) __________________ evening, after dinner, they said good night to the Professor and went upstairs. It was the largest house they had ever seen, so Peter suggested exploring it in the morning.
When the next morning came, there was a steady rain falling. “I wish the weather 23 (BE) __________________ more cheerful!” said Edmund.
“Stop complaining, Ed,” said Susan. “I think the weather 24 (IMPROVE) __________________ soon.”
“We were going to explore the house,” Peter reminded them.
He 25 (EAT) __________________ a sandwich at the moment and was absolutely happy with the whole situation.
Everyone nodded and at that point their amazing adventures 26 (BEGIN) __________________.

Решение:

18. them
19. were sent
20. did not have<или>didn’t have<или>hadn’t<или>had not
21. youngest
22. first
23. was<или>were
24. will improve<или>’ll improve<или>is going to improve
25. was eating
26. began

When you look at this lovely house in the Welsh countryside, you may think it’s a picture from J.R.R. Tolkien’s book “The Hobbit”. In fact it’s a real house designed by a real person.When __________________ 18 (THEY) first son was born, Simon Dale’s wife, Jasmine, said: “I wish we __________________ 19 (LIVE) in the country. It would be so good for the baby”. However, the __________________ 20 (NOT/HAVE) enough money to buy or rent a house in the country so they decided to take matters into their own hands. The house __________________ 21 (BUILD) by Simon himself, with a bit of help from his friends. The result was impressive. The home is made from natural materials, such as wood, stone and mud. It uses solar panels for energy and its water __________________ 22 (COME) from a nearby spring. It took Simon four months to complete his fairytale home. He managed to create a modern wooden eco-home – one of the __________________ 23 (WONDERFUL) houses you can imagine. Simon Dale said, “I __________________ 24 (START) working on a new house of the same eco-style. My __________________ 25 (TWO) house will be smarter than the first one. My son __________________ 26 (BE) five now and I hope to celebrate his tenth birthday in a new house.”

Решение:

18. THEIR – их.

19. LIVED – Структура ….wish — в данном контексте отношение к настоящей ситуации. Я бы хотела, чтобы мы жили в деревне (но они там сейчас не живут). конструкция wish + v2

20. DID NOT HAVE – Простое прошедшее время в отриц. форме.

21. WAS BUILT – Простое прошедшее время в страдательном залоге (was|were +V3|Ved) — дом был построен — The house was built….

22. COMES – Простое настоящее время (Vs/V) — water comes.

23. THE MOST WONDERFUL – Превосходная степень сравнения многосложного прилагательного — the most wonderful.

24. WILL START – По контексту (см. весь текст, а не предложение), прямая речь (Я начну работать над новым проектом…) — простое будущее время — will start.

25. THE SECOND – Порядковое числительное: two — the second.

26. IS – Present Simple (be): am/is/are — he is.

Celebrating Mother’s Day

One of the __________18(GOOD) ways to celebrate Mother’s Day is to give your mom the day off. Let her take it easy and relax while all the other members of the family __________19(DO) the work.
Many families begin Mother’s Day with breakfast in bed. Dad and the kinds think that it __________20(BE) the most pleasant and healthy way to let mom sleep late as they go to the kitchen and prepare her favorite meal. It can consist of anything your mom __________21(LIKE).
After the food __________22(COOK) , try to do your best to arrange everything nicely on the tray. Don’t forget the vase with the single flower. When everything __________23(BE) ready, carefully carry the tray to the bedroom. Cards and small presents from the __________24(CHILD) can be placed on the tray before it is presented to mom , who at that moment __________25(SLEEP) soundly and is not woken up either to show what you __________26(DO) already and can’t wait any longer, switch quietly mom’s favorite music on and enjoy the results of your surprise preparations.

Решение:

18. GOOD – BEST(superlative adjective)
19. DO – AREDOING(Present Continuous)
20. BE – WILL BE(Future)
21. LIKE – LIKES (Present Simple)
22. COOK – ISCOOKED(Present Simple)
23. BE – IS(Present Simple)
24. CHILD – CHILDREN(plural form)
25. SLEEP – ISSLEEPING(Present Continuous)
26. DO – HAVEDONE(Present Perfect)

First Footing

It was believed that the first person to visit one’s house on New Year’s Day could bring good or bad luck.
Therefore, people ____________18(TRY) to choose a concrete person ___________19(THEY). That person was standing outside their houses ready to be let in the moment midnight came. To fulfill the ceremony, a dark haired man usually __________20(CHOOSE) by people.
It ____________21(CANNOT) be a woman, for she would bring bad luck. The first footer was required to carry three things: a piece of coal to wish warmth, a piece of northern England this custom _____________22(OBSERVE) still.

Easter Symbols

Many modern Easter symbols come from pagan times. The egg, for instance, ____________23(BE) a fertility symbol long before the Christmas era. The ancient Persians, Greeks and Chinese ______________24(EXCHANGE) eggs at their spring festivals. In Christian times the egg took a new meaning symbolizing the tomb from which Christ rose. The ancient custom of dying eggs at Easter times is still one of the _____________25(POPULAR).
The Easter bunny also originated in pre-Christin times. The rabbit was the most fertile animal our ancestors knew, so they selected it is a symbol of new life. Today, children enjoy candy ____________26(BUNNY) and are listening to stories about the Easter bunny, who brings Easter eggs in a fancy basket.

Решение:

18. TRY – TRIED (Past)
19. THEY – THEMSELVES(Pronoun)
20. CHOOSE – WASCHOSEN(Perfect)
21. CANNOT – COULDNOT(Past Simple)
22. OBSERVE – ISOBSERVED(Present)

23. BE – WAS(Past Simple)
24. EXCHANGE – EXCHANGED(Past Simple)
25. POPULAR – MOSTPOPULAR(Superlative adjective)
26. BUNNY – BUNNIES(adj)

Bob Marley

Bob Marley ____________18(REMEMBER) by millions all over the world not only for his music but for his beliefs and his work for peace. Marley was the first superstar from the rural north of Jamaica. Poverty as well as ambitions ___________19(DRIVE) Bob to make music. His professional career began in 1962 when he made his _________20(ONE) single. He and his group became a sensations in Jamaica and everywhere in the Caribbean. They identified with rebellious youth. But soon Marley’s life was to be changed by new influence. In the early 1960’s the Rastafarian movement ___________21(GROW) in Jamaica, becoming more and more popular. The Rastafarians believed that eventually all black people _____________22(RETURN) to their homeland to Africa. Marley was interested in religion and from 1967 his music ________________23(REFLECT) this.
At the star of the 70’s his group _______________24(BE) still unknown internationally. But in 1971 while visiting Britain, they signed a contract with Island Records in London. The deal gave a big advance and access to the ______________25(GOOD) recording equipment. By 1975, when the single ‘No Woman, No Cry’ reached the charts, they ______________26(CONQUER) Britain.

Решение:

18. REMEMBER – ISREMEMBERED
19. DRIVE – DROVE
20. ONE – FIRST
21. GROW – WASGROWING
22. RETURN – WOULDRETURN
23. REFLECT – REFLECTED
24. BE – WERE/WAS
25. GOOD – BEST
26.CONQUER- HADCONQURED

The Geography of the Russian Soul

There ________18(BE) much mysterious in Russian history, in destiny of the Russian people and the Russian state. The relation between the Russian people and the huge Russian state still ___________19(REMAIN) a riddle in the geography of the Russian state.
Russia was influenced by its huge spaces. The Russian people ___________20(FORCE) to form a large state. The Russian soul is encircled by vast Russian fields and deep Russian snows. Russian space _____________21(DOMINATE) the Russian man instead of the Russian man dominating Russian space. ___________22(THIS) huge spaces are represented as the geographical factor of Russian history. But from a _________23(DEEP), more internal point of view such spaces can be considered as the internal, spiritual fact of Russian destiny. It is the Geography of the Russian soul.
In the Russian ___________24(MAN) there is more of the narrow spirit of the European people. There __________25(BE) none of this carefulness, the economy of space and time and the greatness of culture. Depth, strength, and sympathy are general ___________26(CHARACTERISTIC) of the Russian soul.

Решение:

18. BE – IS(Present Simple)
19. REMAIN – REMAINS (Present Simple)
20. FORCE – WEREFORCED(Past Simple)
21. DOMINATE – DOMINAT
22. THIS – THESE(plural)
23. DEEP – DEEPER(сравнение)
24. MAN – MEN(plural form)
25. BE – IS(Present Simple)
26. CHARACTERISTIC – CHARACTERICTICS(plural form)