Проектирование электропитающих устройств маршрутно-релейной централизации
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ
Задание………………………………………………………………….2
Исходные данные………………………………………………………3
1. Выбор и характеристика системы электропитания МРЦ……..4
2. Комплектация щитовой установки МРЦ панелями питания…5
3. Расчет блока ППВ-1 в режиме инвертора……………………...6
4. Расчет аккумуляторной (контрольной) батареи 24 В…………8
5. Расчет и распределение нагрузок панели ПР-ЭЦК……………10
6. Расчет нагрузки выпрямителей панели ПВП-ЭЦК……………13
7. Расчет стрелочной панели………………………………………14
8. Расчет мощности рельсовых цепей и преобразовательных панелей ПП25-ЭЦК……………………………………………..15
9. Расчет вводной панели ПВ-ЭЦК, нагрузки на внешние сети переменного тока и выбор ДГА………………………………..18
ЗАДАНИЕ
Для заданной станции, на которой производится реконструкция электрической централизации, требуется разработать электропитающую установку (ЭПУ) и рассчитать её основные элементы, включая полупроводниковый преобразователь-выпрямитель.
Исходные данные для проектирования выбираем из табл. 1, 2 методички по КП в соответствии с двумя последними цифрами учебного шифра. Если шифр заканчивается одной цифрой, то предпоследней считается 0.
ИСХОДНЫЕ ДАННЫЕ
Род тяги поездов на участке железной дороги (из табл.1 м-ки по КП):
Электрическая переменного тока;
Условия внешнего электроснабжения поста МРЦ – два независимых источника электроэнергии государственных электросетей. Источники электроэнергии используются для питания народнохозяйственных потребителей, категория которых:
Фидер 1 –– категория 1;
Фидер 2 –– категория 1.
Номинальное напряжение на вводах в пост ЭЦ составляет 380 В, его колебания находятся в пределах от 342 до 399 В.
Отклонения частоты переменного тока не превышают +1 Гц.
3. Данные, характеризующие станцию:
Расчетное число стрелок: 80;
Число стрелок, передаваемых на местное управление: 4;
Маршрутные указатели пути отправления поезда: удалённые;
Число подходов к станции: 2;
Подверженность снежным заносам: Да;
Климатическая зона: Влажная.
На станции сооружается пост ЭЦ типа: Сз-57.
Подходы (перегоны) к заданной станции – двухпутные, оборудованные числовой кодовой автоблокировкой 25 Гц.
Тип рельсов на станции – Р65, марки крестовин стрелочных переводов – 1/11.
Стрелочные электроприводы – постоянного тока типа СП-6 с электродвигателями МСП-0,25, 160 В.
Тип проектируемых на станции рельсовых цепей – фазочувствительные 25 Гц с путевыми реле ДСШ.
1. ВЫБОР И ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА СИСТЕМЫ ЭЛЕКТРОПИТАНИЯ МРЦ
В соответствии с ОСТ 32.14-80, по которому все электроприемники железнодорожного транспорта в отношении надежности снабжения их электроэнергией разделены на три категории, устройства ЭЦ крупных станций (свыше 30 стрелок) отнесены к особой группе приемников 1-й категории. Приемники этой группы должны обеспечиваться двойным резервированием электропитания, т. е. их электроснабжение должно осуществляться от трех независимых источников электроэнергии.
Так как на обслуживаемой станции имеется возможность обеспечить электроснабжение устройств МРЦ по двум раздельным линиям от двух независимых источников внешних сетей переменного тока, то в качестве третьего независимого источника питания предусматривается установка автоматизированного дизель-генератора ДГА и электропитание устройств МРЦ осуществляется по безбатарейной системе.
Так как используемые для устройств ЭЦ источники внешнего электроснабжения питают потребителей 1-й или 2-й категорий, то дизель-генератор на посту ЭЦ должен автоматически включаться в работу лишь при исчезновении напряжения на обоих внешних источниках. Если же электроснабжение ЭЦ осуществляется от двух внешних источников, один из которых (основной) питает приемники не ниже 2-й категории, а второй (резервный) питает приемники 3-й категории, то установленный на посту ЭЦ ДГА должен запускаться сразу же при отключении основного источника питания и работать до его восстановления.
В системе питания предусматривается контрольная аккумуляторная батарея. Аккумуляторы этой батареи выполняют следующие функции:
а) являются источником питания (фактически четвертым в системе питания, именуемой формально безбатарейной) для ряда цепей постоянного тока и через инвертор для некоторых цепей переменного тока;
б) исключают перерывы в питании чувствительных реле;
в) выполняют в буферном режиме работы батареи роль элемента сглаживающего фильтра.
2. КОМПЛЕКТАЦИЯ ЩИТОВОЙ УСТАНОВКИ МРЦ ПАНЕЛЯМИ ПИТАНИЯ
Сооружаемая на посту МРЦ щитовая установка комплектуется типовыми панелями питания в зависимости от количества централизованных стрелок, рода тяги и систем питания МРЦ.
При безбатарейной системе питания на крупных станциях в настоящее время находят применение панели питания серии ЭЦК следующих типов: ПВ-ЭЦК – вводная; ПР-ЭЦК – распределительная; ПВП-ЭЦК – выпрямительно-преобразовательная; ПСП-ЭЦК, ПСТ-ЭЦК – стрелочные; ПП25-ЭЦК – преобразовательная для питания рельсовых цепей.
Вводная панель ПВ-ЭЦК предназначена для ввода электрической энергии от независимых источников электроэнергии (фидер 1, фидер 2, ДГА), контроля за наличием напряжения на этих источниках, начального распределения питания по основным видам нагрузок: устройствам СЦБ, связи, маневровым постам, гарантированному и негарантированному освещению и силовой нагрузке.
Распределительная панель ПР-ЭЦК служит для распределения питания переменного тока по отдельным нагрузкам ЭЦ, изолирования нагрузок от заземленной сети переменного тока, а также переключения светофоров, маршрутных указателей и табло на различные режимы питания.
Выпрямительно-преобразовательная панель ПВП-ЭЦК служит для выпрямления трехфазного переменного тока в постоянный ток, автоматического заряда и содержания в буферном режиме аккумуляторной батареи 24 В, преобразования постоянного тока батареи в переменный ток 50 Гц, 220 В в случае отключения внешних сетей для гарантированного питания определенных нагрузок МРЦ по переменному току, а также питания аппаратуры постоянного тока 24 В и 220 В.
Стрелочные панели ПСП-ЭЦК, ПСТ-ЭЦК предназначены для питания рабочих цепей стрелочных электроприводов постоянного тока (тип панелей ПСПН-ЭЦК) и приводов трехфазного переменного тока (тип панелей ПСТН-ЭЦК), а также электрообогрева контактов их автопереключателей.
Преобразовательная панель ПП25-ЭЦК предназначена для питания фазочувствительных рельсовых цепей с путевым реле ДСШ переменным током 25 Гц.
Щит выключения питания ЩВП устанавливается на посту ЭЦ в целях противопожарной безопасности и предназначен для быстрого и надежного одновременного отключения всех источников питания МРЦ.
Намечаем предварительно количество панелей для ЭПУ:
ПВ-ЭЦК –– 1 панель;
ПВП-ЭЦК –– 1 панель;
ПР-ЭЦК –– 1 панель;
ПП25-ЭЦК –– 2 панели.
3. РАСЧЕТ БЛОКА ППВ-1 В РЕЖИМЕ ИНВЕРТОРА
При безбатарейной системе питания МРЦ от полупроводникового преобразователя ППВ-1, установленного на панели ПВП-ЭЦК, получают питание в случае отключения всех источников снабжения переменным током следующие нагрузки:
станционные блоки дешифраторов кодовой автоблокировки прилегающих к станции блок-участков;
схемы смены направления движения и контроля прилегающих перегонов (при организации двустороннего движения поездов);
схемы ДСН на прилегающих перегонах;
схемы ДСН на станции;
схемы ограждения составов.
Рассчитываем нагрузки ППВ-1 в режиме инвертора (см. табл.1).
Известно, что КПД преобразователя (инвертора) ППВ-1 зависит от степени его загрузки. Поэтому в целях повышения КПД предусмотрена возможность настройки преобразователя на номинальные мощности 0,3; 0,6 и 1,0 кВт. Такая настройка производится по результатам расчета максимальной мощности S>м>, ВА:
(1)
Нагрузочная способность преобразователя зависит от коэффициента мощности:
> > (2)
Так как реальный > >< 0,9, то нагрузка на преобразователь должна быть уменьшена. Допустимая в этом случае нагрузка, Вт, может быть определена по следующей формуле:
> > (3)
Так как при варианте > > кВт оказалось, что > >, то именно вариант настройки с > > кВт и реализуем в ППВ-1.
Производим расчет средней мощности преобразователя тока, потребляемого преобразователем от аккумуляторной батареи.
С учетом коэффициента нагрузки К>m> требуемая от преобразователя средняя мощность может быть определена на основе следующих выражений:
> > Вт (4)
> > Вт (5)
Средний коэффициент мощности нагрузок преобразователя:
> > (6)
Коэффициент загрузки преобразователя:
> > (7)
где P>ном> – номинальная мощность преобразователя с учетом варианта его настройки.
Коэффициент мощности оказывает влияние не только на использование установленной мощности преобразователя, но также и на его КПД. Поэтому КПД преобразователя определяем с учетом cos φ>н> и К>н>.
Для этого по графику из приложения 1, методички по КП, определим частные значения КПД η>φ>, η>н> в зависимости от cos φ>н> и К>н>:
η>φ>=0,79;
η>н>=0,75.
Рассчитаем общий КПД преобразователя по формуле:
> > (8)
С учетом величин Р>Н> и η>П> ток I>П>, А, потребляемый блоком ППВ-1 в режиме инвертора от батареи, составляет:
> > (9)
где U>б>=24 В – номинальное напряжение аккумуляторной батареи.
Расчет нагрузок преобразователя ППВ-1
Таблица 1
Наименование нагрузок |
Измеритель |
Мощность нагрузок на измеритель |
Количество Единиц измерения |
Максимальная мощность нагрузок |
Средне- суточный коэффици- ент К>M> |
Средняя мощность нагрузок |
|||
Р, Вт |
Q, вар |
Р>m> , Вт |
Q>m> , вар |
P>СР>> m> , Вт |
Q>СР>> m> , вар |
||||
Схема смены напрвления и контроля перегона (блок ДСНП-2) |
Подход |
12,7 |
6,0 |
2 |
25,4 |
12 |
1 |
25,4 |
12 |
Схема ДСН на станции |
Пост ЭЦ |
36,5 |
5,0 |
1 |
36,5 |
5 |
1 |
36,5 |
5 |
Станционные дешифраторы автоблокировки |
Подход |
16,6 |
16,8 |
2 |
33,2 |
33,6 |
1 |
33,2 |
33,6 |
Схема ДСН на прилегающем перегоне (блок ДСНП-2) |
То же |
12,7 |
6,0 |
2 |
25,4 |
12 |
1 |
25,4 |
12 |
И т о г о |
–– |
–– |
–– |
120,5 |
62,6 |
–– |
120,5 |
62,6 |
4. РАСЧЕТ АККУМУЛЯТОРНОЙ (КОНТРОЛЬНОЙ) БАТАРЕИ 24 В
Расчет батареи заключается в определении её емкости и выборе типа аккумуляторов СК по индексу.
Разрядный ток батареи в режиме основного резервирования, А, составляет:
> > (10)
где n>c> – число стрелок ЭЦ;
n>вх> – число подходов к станции;
I>a> =0,262 А – расход тока в расчете на одну стрелку;
I>РП>=0,432 А – потребляемый приборами ток, независящий от числа стрелок;
I>ЛП>=0,175 А – потребляемый лампочками ток в расчете на пост ЭЦ;
I>ЛС>=0,090 А – потребляемый ток в расчете на один подход;
I>П> – потребляемый от батареи преобразователем ток (из формулы 9).
Разрядный ток батареи в дополнительном режиме резервирования равен:
> > А (11)
В условиях рассматриваемого режима эксплуатации аккумуляторной батареи ее фактическая разрядная емкость, Ач, составляет:
> > (12)
Емкость аккумуляторов, гарантируемая заводом, характеризуется номинальным значением Q>Н>. однако с повышением интенсивности разряда и понижением температуры электролита емкость, отдаваемая аккумуляторами, уменьшается. Поэтому для получения фактической емкости Q>ф> требуется предусмотреть определенный запас по емкости. Такой пересчет, Ач, ведется по формуле:
> > (13)
где Q>p> – расчетная емкость батареи;
К>с>=0,85 – коэффициент снижения емкости аккумуляторов от старения;
ρ – коэффициент интенсивности разряда, определяемый по полученному значению длительности разряда t>pp> (см. табл. [1], с. 22);
К>t>=0,008 – температурный коэффициент емкости;
t0=+150 – температура электролита во время разряда батареи.
Расчетная длительность разряда батареи t>pp> током основного режима I>бо> составляет:
> > ч (14)
Индекс аккумуляторов определяется соотношением:
> > (15)
Выбранный тип аккумулятора: СК-6, с номинальной емкостью > > А∙ч.
5. РАСЧЕТ И РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ НАГРУЗОК ПАНЕЛИ ПР-ЭЦК
В итоге расчета распределительной панели ПР-ЭЦК следует обеспечить приближенно равномерную загрузку каждого из силовых трансформаторов ТС1 и ТС2, а также отсутствие их перегрузки.
Лампочки табло и питающих панелей. Этой нагрузкой определяется мощность вторичной обмотки «а» ТС1.
> > Вт (16)
> > вар (17)
> > ВА (18)
Контрольные цепи стрелок. Для питания контрольных цепей используется напряжение 220 В, получаемое от обмотки «в» ТС1.
> > ВА (19)
> > Вт (20)
> > вар (21)
> > ВА (22)
где > >– мощность цепей контроля в расчете на одну стрелку (> >=7,7 Вт, > >=5,3 вар).
Стрелки местного управления. Цепи передачи стрелок на местное управление питаются от обмотки «в» ТС1 через трансформатор Т5 (ПТ-25А) при напряжении 110 В.
> > В∙А (23)
> > Вт (24)
> > вар (25)
где > >– полная мощность устройств передачи на местное управление одной стрелки (составляет 10 В∙А при cos φ=0.8).
Дешифрирующие устройства автоблокировки. Мощность дешифраторов автоблокировки > >, питаемых через трансформатор Т7 (СОБС-2А) от обмотки «а» ТС2, зависит от числа подходов > > к станции.
> > ВА (26)
> > ВА (27)
> > Вт (28)
> > вар (29)
где > >– мощность дешифрирующих устройств в расчете на один подход (составляет > >=16,6 Вт, > >=16,8 вар).
Лампочки пультов ограждения составов. Питание ламп пультов ограждения составов на путях их осмотра и ремонта осуществляется напряжением (24-36) В, получаемым через трансформатор Т8 (СОБС-2А) от обмотки «а» ТС2. На станциях до 130 стрелок мощность ламп пультов ограждения > >(непрерывного и импульсного питания) в целом на пост ЭЦ может быть принята равной: > > Вт, > > вар.
> > В∙А (30)
Трансмиттерные реле и трансмиттеры. Нагрузка > >, создаваемая трансмиттерными реле и трансмиттерами на обмотку «в» ТС2, может быть принята в расчете на пост ЭЦ равной 110 В∙А при cos φ=0,8.
> > Вт (31)
> > вар (32)
Внепостовые цепи. Мощность внепостовых цепей (ДСН, контроля перегона, смены направления и др.) по переменному напряжению 220 В, питаемых от обмотки «а» ТС2 через панель ПВП-ЭЦК, определим по данным расчета нагрузок ППВ-1 (> > Вт, > > вар).
> > В∙А (33)
ЭПК пневмоочистки стрелок. Питание ЭПК пневмообдувки стрелок от снега производится напряжением 220 В от обмотки «а» ТС2 через панель ПВП-ЭЦК. Нагрузка от обдувки, учитывая одновременный обдув двух стрелок в разных районах станции, может быть принята в целом на пост ЭЦ равной > > Вт, > > вар.
> > В∙А (34)
Маршрутные указатели. Для питания маршрутных указателей используется фазовая обмотки «в» ТС1 (> > Вт, > > вар, > > В∙А).
Светофоры. Для равномерного распределения нагрузки светофоров на питающие устройства панели ПР-ЭЦК предусмотрена возможность разделения светофоров на четыре группы, которые подключаются к обмоткам «а», «в» и «с» ТС2, а также к обмотке «с» ТС1.
Общую мощность нагрузки от всех светофоров станции определим по формуле:
> > В∙А (39)
> > Вт (40)
> > вар (41)
где > >–полная мощность светофора (по усредненным данным составляющая 22 В∙А при cos φ=0,95); > >– количество светофоров на станции.
Общую мощность нагрузок панели ПР-ЭЦК P>пр>, Q>пр>, S>пр> определяем по формулам:
> > Вт (42)
> > вар (43)
> > В·А (44)
Так как общая мощность не превышает 9 кВ·А, то вторую панель ПР-ЭЦК нет необходимости устанавливать.
Таблица 2
Распределение нагрузок по вторичным обмоткам трансформаторов |
ТС2 |
<<c>> |
S, В∙А |
660 |
660 |
|||||||||
Q, вар |
627 |
627 |
||||||||||||
P, Вт |
207 |
207 |
||||||||||||
<<в>> |
S, В∙А |
110 |
528 |
638 |
||||||||||
Q, вар |
66 |
501,6 |
567,6 |
|||||||||||
P, Вт |
88 |
165,6 |
253,6 |
|||||||||||
<<a>> |
S, В∙А |
47,2 |
92,2 |
135,8 |
97,5 |
264 |
636,7 |
|||||||
Q, вар |
33,6 |
20 |
62,6 |
94 |
250,8 |
461 |
||||||||
P, Вт |
33,2 |
90 |
120,5 |
26 |
82,8 |
352,5 |
||||||||
ТС1 |
<<c>> |
S, В∙А |
834,4 |
834,4 |
||||||||||
Q, вар |
264 |
264 |
||||||||||||
P, Вт |
760 |
760 |
||||||||||||
<<в>> |
S, В∙А |
744 |
40 |
400 |
1184 |
|||||||||
Q, вар |
424 |
32 |
0 |
456 |
||||||||||
P, Вт |
616 |
24 |
400 |
1040 |
||||||||||
<<a>> |
S, В∙А |
484,8 |
484,8 |
|||||||||||
Q, вар |
72 |
72 |
||||||||||||
P, Вт |
480 |
480 |
||||||||||||
Количество единиц измерения |
80 |
80 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
104 |
И т о г о : |
|||
Мощность единицы измерения |
S, В∙А |
6,06 |
9,3 |
10 |
23,6 |
92,2 |
110 |
135,8 |
97,5 |
400 |
22 |
|||
Q, вар |
0,9 |
5,3 |
8 |
16,8 |
20 |
66 |
62,6 |
94 |
0 |
20,9 |
||||
P, Вт |
6 |
7,7 |
6 |
16,6 |
90 |
88 |
120,5 |
26 |
400 |
6,9 |
||||
Измеритель |
Стрелки |
Стрелки |
Стрелки двойного упр-я |
Подход |
Лампочки |
Пост ЭЦ |
Блок ППВ |
Пост ЭЦ |
Пост ЭЦ |
Светофоры |
||||
Наименование нагрузок |
Лампочки табло |
Контрольные цепи стрелок |
Стрелки местного управления |
Дешифрирующие устройства автоблокировки |
Лампочки пультов ограждения сост-в |
Трансмиттерные реле |
Внепостовые цепи |
ЭПК пневмоочистки стрелок |
Маршрутные указатели |
Светофоры |
6. РАСЧЕТ НАГРУЗКИ ВЫПРЯМИТЕЛЕЙ ПАНЕЛИ ПВП-ЭЦК
Ток I>н> , потребляемый релейными схемами ЭЦ и панелями питания, составляет:
> > А (45)
где I>ап>= 0,445 А – среднесуточный ток, потребляемый реле поста ЭЦ в нормальном режиме в расчете на одну стрелку.
В буферном режиме (батарея находится в заряженном состоянии) потребляемый ею ток подзаряда составляет, А:
> > А (46)
В режиме форсированного заряда (батарея находится в разряженном состоянии) зарядный ток батареи, А, выражается соотношением:
> > А (47)
где t>вв>=72 ч – максимальное время восстановления (заряда) батареи;
η>а>=0,8 – КПД аккумуляторов.
Ток выпрямителей в режиме постоянного подзаряда батареи определим по формуле, А:
> > А (48)
В режиме форсированного заряда батареи ток выпрямителей равен, А:
> > А (49)
Так как ток I>вп> превышает 25 А, то дополнительно к ВП1 используем преобразователь-выпрямитель ПП.
7. РАСЧЕТ СТРЕЛОЧНОЙ ПАНЕЛИ
Максимальный (пусковой) ток I>сп >>max> , потребляемый от выпрямителей панели ПСПН-ЭЦК, А:
> > А (50)
где i>эп>=3,2 А – ток, потребляемый одним электроприводом стрелочного перевода данного типа;
n>со>=4 – количество одновременно переводимых стрелок данного типа.
Расчетный ток электроприводов СП-6 на стрелочных переводах 1/11 при типе рельсов составляет 3,2 А.
Мощность цепей электрообогрева стрелочных приводов определим выражением, В∙А:
> > В∙А (51)
где > > – мощность цепи электрообогрева, отнесенная на одну стрелку (> > Вт, > > вар).
8. РАСЧЕТ МОЩНОСТИ РЕЛЬСОВЫХ ЦЕПЕЙ И ПРЕОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ ПАНЕЛЕЙ ПП25-ЭЦК
Рассчитаем мощность путевых трансформаторов рельсовых цепей S>ПТ>, В·А, и местных элементов путевых реле S>МЭ>, В·А (P>ПТС>=31,5 Вт, Q>ПТС>=14,8 вар, P>МЭС>=2,8 Вт, Q>МЭС>=4,7 вар):
> > В·А (52)
> > В·А (53)
> > В·А (54)
> > В·А (55)
Рассчитаем требуемое число местных n>мп> и путевых n>пп> преобразователей:
> > (56)
> > (57)
Оценим фактическую загрузку преобразователей:
> > В·А (58)
> > В·А (59)
Рассчитаем мощность, потребляемую панелями ПП25-ЭЦК от сети 50 Гц.
Сначала рассчитаем мощность, потребляемую от сети 50 Гц парой местных элементов. Для этого определим выходную мощность на частоте 25 Гц этой пары:
> > В∙А (60)
Теперь рассчитаем мощность, потребляемую от сети 50 Гц парой путевых элементов. Для этого определяем выходную мощность этой пары на частоте 25 Гц:
> > В∙А (61)
Мощность, потребляемая от сети 50 Гц двумя панелями, равна:
> > Вт (62)
> > вар (63)
9. РАСЧЕТ ВВОДНОЙ ПАНЕЛИ ПВ-ЭЦК, НАГРУЗКИ НА ВНЕШНИЕ СЕТИ ПЕРЕМЕННОГО ТОКА И ВЫБОР ДГА
Создаваемая панелью ПР-ЭЦК нагрузка на ПВ-ЭЦК состоит из общей мощности нагрузок ПР-ЭЦК и мощности потерь в трансформаторах ТС1 и ТС2. активная и реактивная составляющие мощности потерь в каждом из ТС ориентировочно равны: > > Вт, > > вар. Тогда:
> > Вт (64)
> > вар (65)
> > В∙А (66)
> > В∙А (67)
Нагрузка на ПВ-ЭЦК от панели ПВП-ЭЦК создается во время наиболее неблагоприятного послеаварийного периода ее работы в режиме восстановления емкости контрольной батареи 24 В.
> > Вт (68)
> > вар (69)
> > В∙А (70)
Нагрузка на ПВ-ЭЦК от стрелочной панели ПСПН-ЭЦК определяется мощностью питания рабочих цепей стрелок при их переводе, а также мощностью электрообогрева приводов.
> > кВт (71)
> > квар (72)
> > В∙А (73)
Нагрузка от преобразовательных панелей ПП25 на вводную панель определяется по результатам расчета в разделе 8, т.е.:
> > Вт (74)
> > вар (75)
> > В∙А (76)
Мощность нагрузки СЦБ:
> > В∙А (77)
> > Вт (78)
> > вар (79)
Резерв:
> > В∙А (80)
> > Вт (81)
> > вар (82)
Результаты расчета мощности вводной панели представлены в форме сводной таблицы 3.
Таблица 3
-
Наименование нагрузок
Мощность отдельных нагрузок
активная, Вт
реактивная, вар
полная, В∙А
Панель ПР-ЭЦК
3633,1
3197,6
5792
Нагрузка панели
Потери в трансформаторах ТС
1080
1500
1848
Панель ПВП-ЭЦК
2033
1180
2350
Нагрузка в режиме восстановления батареи
Панель ПСПН-ЭЦК
3000
900
3132
Перевод стрелок
Электрообогрев приводов (220 В)
3600
1760
4000
Панели ПП25-ЭЦК
4780
3170
5735,6
Нагрузка панелей
Итого СЦБ
18126,1
11707,6
21934
Резерв СЦБ – 10%
1344,61
844,76
1608,56
Всего СЦБ с резервом
19470,71
12552,36
23542,56
Устройства связи
6384,8
2720
6940
Освещение:
гарантированное
негарантированное
8519,2
3629
9260
Силовая нагрузка:
гарантированная
2120
1590
2650
негарантированная
13920
10440
17400
Всего на вводную панель
50414,71
30931,36
59792,56
Активная мощность нагрузок ДГА определим по формуле:
> > Вт (83)
Выбранный тип ДГА (дизель-генераторный агрегат): ДГА-48.
Расчет плавких вставок производится по наиболее загруженной фазе системы электропитания. Если предположить равномерность загрузки фаз, то расчетный ток I>Ф> в каждой фазе при фазном напряжении U>Ф> (220 В) составит:
> > А (84)
Выбранный тип плавкой вставки: 100 А.
Определим cos φ питающей установки:
> > (85)
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МИНИСТЕРСТВО ПУТЕЙ СООБЩЕНИЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
САМАРСКАЯ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННАЯ АКАДЕМИЯ ПУТЕЙ СООБЩЕНИЯ
Кафедра теоретических основ электротехники, автоматики и электроники
КУРСОВОЙ ПРОЕКТ
По дисциплине:
«Электропитание устройств железнодорожной автоматики, телемеханики и связи»
На тему:
«Проектирование электропитающих устройств маршрутно-релейной централизации»
Вариант: № 14
Выполнил: ст. 314 группы
Дорошенко С.Н.
Проверил:
САМАРА 2004 г